Cancer is an ailment that causes abnormal cells to grow and spread throughout the body. Brain cancer is an illness of the brain that causes masses made up of noncancerous or cancerous cells to form tumors in the brain. While there exists more than 100 types of brain cancer, most of the brain tumors can be categorized as either low-grade or high-grade tumors. Low-grade tumors grow slowly while high-grade tumors grow rapidly.
Below is a list of the most common brain tumors.
Glioblastoma
An aggressive brain cancer type in adults, glioblastomas can be hard to remove and are known to spread through brain tissue. In the last few years, doctors have recognized different molecular subtypes of glioblastomas that may be useful in the development of new treatment approaches.
Glioma
This is the most common type of brain tumor. There exist different types of gliomas, including glioblastomas and low-grade gliomas. These tumors usually develop in the neuroglial cells, which offer supporting functions to the nervous system.
Acoustic Neuroma
This is a noncancerous tumor type that begins growing in the cells wrapped around the ear’s peripheral nerves, known as the Schwann cells. Also known as vestibular schwannoma, these tumors grow slowly but may cause balance and hearing problems. As these tumors grow, they squeeze the surfaces of the cerebellum and the brain stem, as well as nearby blood vessels and nerves, which can result in neurological problems.
Meningioma
Some meningiomas are noncancerous tumors that grow in the membranes which surround your brain. These tumors grow slowly and are known to cause seizures in roughly 20% of people.
Pituitary tumors
These tumors begin growing in the cells lining the pituitary gland, known as epithelial cells. The pituitary gland controls the release of hormones by other glands in the body’s endocrine system. Pituitary tumors sometimes cause pituitary hormones to be produced in excess, which may in turn lead to other disorders.
Pineal region tumors
These tumors start growing in cells around the small endocrine system pineal gland whose role is to secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. The primary types of pineal region tumors are pineal cell tumors and germ cell tumors. The former begins in the pineal parenchymal cells while the latter starts in the reproductive cells. Pineal region tumors can be high grade or low grade and can cause problems when they compress brain tissues or interfere with hormone production and the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.
Cancers affecting the brain or central nervous system can deteriorate quite fast, which is why the early-diagnostic technologies developed by companies such as AnPac Bio-Medical Science Co. Ltd. (NASDAQ: ANPC) are so important; these technologies allow the condition to be addressed early and decisively.
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